The Origin of Cavity Walls
Originally developed in the 19th century, hollow walls were intended as a sensible way to fight building moisture. Unlike solid walls, cavity walls are made of two layers, where two brick walls or blockwork are separated apart. The gap between the walls is considered the cavity. It is a barrier, keeping moisture out of the building’s interior.
Beginning in the 1920s, they are the norm for contemporary buildings today. The gaps were first small and without insulation, but over time construction techniques have evolved to widen and get more efficient.
The Role of Wall Ties
The wall ties, which link the two skins of the wall and therefore preserve the structural integrity of the building, are one of the fundamental elements.
In the early days, wall ties were built from copper, steel, or iron. But these materials corroded easily. Because stainless steel ties greatly lengthen the lifetime of cavity walls by resisting corrosion, they were the dominant material from the 1960s onward.
Cavity Wall Insulation: A Game Changer
Cavity wall insulation, commonly adopted in the 1970s, became required for all newly constructed buildings in the United Kingdom following a legislative drive in the 1990s. Appropriate insulation improves a home’s thermal efficiency and helps to retain heat in the winter and out during the summer.
It lowers energy costs and increases comfort, benefiting the environment too. Still, it is not without difficulty. Especially in older homes, improper or inadequate insulation can actually cause or aggravate moisture issues. For example, improper materials can trap moisture inside the walls, which would cause mould problems. To prevent it, you must select the appropriate kind of insulation and an expert to install it.
Comparing Cavity and Solid Walls
Before cavity walls became widespread, solid walls were the norm in British construction. These walls, typically made of brick or stone, do not have a cavity. Therefore, they are more susceptible to water penetration. If you live in a period property, your home likely has solid walls, which can be identified by the brick pattern on the exterior. For example, bricks facing in different directions usually indicate a solid wall.
Solid walls can be more vulnerable to dampness, especially during prolonged rainy periods. To manage this, it’s often recommended to allow the walls to ‘breathe’ using breathable materials. It allows moisture to escape rather than trapping it inside. Unlike cavity walls, which drain away penetrating water, solid walls need more careful maintenance and appropriate treatments to remain dry and safe.
Maintaining Your Cavity Walls
Maintaining cavity walls is rather easy, although in older structures, regular examinations are especially crucial. Blocked cavities or corroded wall ties could damage the wall’s performance, causing structural problems or dampness. Inspections by a skilled specialist can assist in identifying possible issues early on. It, thereby, guarantees that your walls continue to guard your house efficiently.
If you’re considering adding or replacing cavity wall insulation, it’s advisable to consult with a damp specialist who can assess your property’s suitability. Some older homes may benefit more from natural insulation materials that allow walls to breathe, reducing the risk of dampness while still providing some level of thermal efficiency.
Why Cavity Walls Matter Today
Cavity walls represent a major development in building technology meant to enhance living conditions, not only a choice of construction method. Their superior insulation and prevention of dampness have changed the way UK homes are constructed
The ideas behind cavity wall building are the same whether your house is a Victorian terrace or a modern flat: keeping you warm, dry, and comfortable. If your home has a mixture of cavity and solid walls, or if you’re unsure about your insulation needs, reaching out to a professional for advice is always a good step.
In a world where energy efficiency and home comfort are increasingly important, cavity walls continue to play a crucial role in British homes. For any further guidance or if you suspect an issue with your walls, Cavitech can help keep your property in top shape for years to come.